Synthetic overgrowth caused by two different types of treatment are found on two samples in the Tokyo lab.

A large “Persian” turquoise cabochon was impregnated with a material that was also present in cavities on its base.

An emerald deposit at Byrud, in southern Norway, yielded significant quantities of crystals and gem rough in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Edward Gübelin（爱德华·古北林）博士收集的藏品中，有许多来自世界各地的罕见宝石。

GIA 钻石原产地鉴定服务依靠参与的矿业公司、制造商、批发商和零售商，确保向最终消费者提供已确认原产国且已经过专业分级的天然钻石。通过提供以下列表，我们鼓励整个供应链中的公司在为客户采购获得 GIA 钻石原产地鉴定证书的钻石时，彼此多多交流。

This document provides the publication information for Gems & Gemology

Edward Gübelin（爱德华·古柏林）博士收集的藏品中，有许多来自世界各地的罕见宝石。

人们通常认为石榴石是深红色的宝石，但它也可以是黄色、橙色、绿色或棕色——除了蓝色以外的任何颜色。

纯净的锆石虽然无色，但通常呈黄褐色至棕色。它也存在红色、蓝色、紫色和绿色等颜色。由于其高亮度和高色散性，无色锆石有时被用作珠宝中钻石的替代品。

Among the collection assembled by Dr. Edward Gübelin are a number of uncommon gemstones from many worldwide localities.