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Sapphire
The name “sapphire” can also apply to any corundum that’s not ruby red, another corundum variety.

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Winter 2012 Gem News International
Diagnostic Features and Heat Treatment of Kashmir Sapphires
Today, only by combining different gemological tests with years of practical experience, can a conclusive determination of the origin of a sapphire be made.
Winter 2010 Gem News International
A Preliminary Study on the Separation of Natural and Synthetic Emeralds Using Vibrational Spectroscopy
Reports preliminary findings—based on FTIR and Raman spectrometry of more than 300 samples—on distinguishing natural and synthetic emeralds using vibrational spectroscopy.
Sapphire Rush Near Ambatondrazaka, Madagascar
A newly found deposit of sapphire in Madagascar is explored.
Update on Montana’s Rock Creek Sapphire
Chart: Inclusions in Natural, Synthetic, and Treated Sapphire
Provides a visual guide to the internal features of natural, synthetic, and treated sapphires.
Zigzag Fingerprint in Sri Lankan Sapphire
Fiber-optic illumination reveals rectilinear zigzag-patterned films with vibrant colors in a blue sapphire.
Blue Sapphire Lord of the Rings Pendant
34th International Gemmological Conference
A report from the 34th IGC, held in Vilnius, Lithuania in August 2015.
The Seven Types of Yellow Sapphire and Their Stability to Light
Sapphires from Thammannawa, Kataragama Area, Sri Lanka
The February 2012 discovery of high-quality blue sapphires at Thammannawa near Kataragama in southeastern Sri Lanka has intensified gem mining and exploration in the surrounding area and all over the country.









