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Sapphire
The name “sapphire” can also apply to any corundum that’s not ruby red, another corundum variety.
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Research
Low-Temperature Heat Treatment of Pink Sapphires from Ilakaka, Madagascar
Studies the effects of low-temperature heat treatment on inclusions in this gem material, as well as the use of FTIR spectroscopy to detect the treatment.
The Effects of Heat Treatment on Zircon Inclusions in Madagascar Sapphires
Zircon inclusions in sapphires from Madagascar were studied to investigate the effects of heat treatment on their gemological and spectroscopic features.
Preview of Nature Art Science with Paula Crevoshay
Unheated and Unusual Colors
The 3309 cm–1 Series in Sapphire and Ruby: A Focus on FTIR Peak Position Variation
Investigates the correlations between peak positions in the 3309 cm–1 series with trace element concentrations for ruby, metamorphic and basalt-related blue sapphire, and laboratory-grown sapphire.
Prismatic Zircon in Kashmir Sapphire
Unique Fingerprint in Montana Sapphire
“Sugar Plum” in Titanium-Diffused Blue Sapphire
Irreversible Photochromism in Synthetic Sapphire
Diffusion-Induced Blue Spinel-Like Layer on Natural Sapphire
Ruby and Sapphire from Jegdalek, Afghanistan
An Examination of Four Important Gems
Several famous and historical gemstones in the Smithsonian's collection are examined and reported on.
