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Ruby
Ruby is the most valuable variety of the corundum mineral species, which also includes sapphire.
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Research
Field Gemology: Building a Research Collection and Understanding the Development of Gem Deposits
With more than 90 field expeditions on six continents since 2008, GIA has accumulated over 22,000 colored stone reference samples. This extensive collection of colored stones with known origins supports GIA’s research on geographic origin determination.
The Geographic Origin Dilemma
An overview of the geographic origin complexities facing the gem and jewelry industry today.
Geology of Corundum and Emerald Gem Deposits: A Review
Over the last two decades, knowledge of the formation of gem deposits has improved significantly. This article reviews the state of our knowledge of the geology and genesis of gem corundum and emerald deposits.
Geographic Origin Determination of Ruby
The world ruby market has undergone dramatic change in recent years, especially with the development of ruby mining in Mozambique. This contribution outlines GIA’s methods and criteria for establishing the geographic origin of ruby.
Mineral Inclusions in Ruby and Sapphire from the Bo Welu Gem Deposit in Chanthaburi, Thailand
Identifies mineral inclusions in corundum from this locality for comparison with other global deposits.
A Decade of Ruby from Mozambique: A Review
Reviews the mining history, market impact, and properties of ruby from northern Mozambique near Montepuez, now the world’s most productive source.
Corundum with Spinel Corona from the Tan Huong–Truc Lau Area in Northern Vietnam
Explains the reactions responsible for the formation of a well-developed reaction rim of spinel that surrounds the corundum core in some specimens from this deposit.
A Rare Ruby from Montana
An exceptional ruby specimen is identified with a Montana origin in the Carlsbad lab.
A decade of ruby from Mozambique
Vertriest W., Saeseaw S. (2019) A decade of ruby from Mozambique: A review. Gems & Gemology, Vol. 55, No. 2, pp. 162-183.
Separating Glass-Filled Rubies Using the DiamondView
The DiamondView instrument is able to identify glass as the filler in a pair of heart-shaped rubies.
Rex Guo: The Science and Art of Recutting Fine Gemstones
Rex Guo describes how he sources and systematically recuts faceted stones to unlock their inner beauty.
